Legal and illegal export of cultural heritage artefacts from developing countries: Protection of cultural heritage in South Africa

Cultural heritage is an important part of the capital developing countries that can be leveraged for sustainable development. However, it also needs protection as rise in illegal trade cultural artefacts shows. South Africa example a middle-income African country seeks to promote As attempt preserve capital, Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) tasked with special cultural, historical, aesthetic or technical importance country, and thus “national estate”. SAHRA adjudicates applications permanent export artefacts, guided by national policy defines attributes importance. There are attempts bypass adjudication through smuggling art which tracks database reported stolen. This study analyses way has applied make decisions about well those stolen lost estate. Results showed permit system seems providing effective some Africa’s heritage, but only 4% were representing black cultures.